针对压裂泵泵阀阀胶皮在压裂液固体颗粒冲蚀磨损下引起疲劳破坏的工程问题,运用有限元软件ANSYS/LSDYNA建立橡胶的单颗粒和双颗粒冲蚀力学模型,研究了颗粒冲蚀速度、颗粒尺寸、颗粒冲击次数对冲蚀性能的影响,并分析了阀胶皮的冲蚀失效机理。结果表明,冲蚀磨损程度随颗粒冲蚀速度的增加而增大;同一速度下,随颗粒直径的增大冲蚀磨损速度增大;颗粒冲击次数是造成阀胶皮冲蚀磨损的重要因素,经颗粒多次冲击后,阀胶皮恢复弹性的能力降低直至发生塑性变形后疲劳失效。 In view of the engineering problems of the rubber valve of the fracturing pump valve valve caused by fatigue damage caused by erosion of the solid particles in the fracturing fluid, the single-particle and double-particle erosion mechanics models of the rubber were established by finite element software ANSYS / LSDYNA. Speed, particle size and number of particle impact on erosion performance, and analyzed the erosion failure mechanism of valve rubber. The results show that the degree of erosion increases with the increase of the particle erosion rate. At the same speed, the erosion wear rate increases with the increase of the particle diameter. The number of particle impacts is an important factor in the erosion wear of the valve rubber. Repeated impact particles, the valve rubber to restore resilience to reduce the plastic deformation until after fatigue failure.