在苏联,旅游地理学研究人员认为,社会、集团和个人的旅游需求决定着旅游活动的时空变化和地域结构。人们的需求是一定历史时期客观生活条件的反映。需求的满足完全取决于生活资料的生产、交换和分配。此外,马克思还强调指出:“消费在观念上提出生产的对象,把它作为内心的对象、作为需求、作为动力和目的提出来。消费还是在主观形式上的生产对象”。旅游需求,如同人的总需求一样,也是历史的产物,并在不断变化着。旅游需求的时空变化反映在旅游活动组织的地域形式上。因此,研究旅游需求对于探讨各级旅游区已形成的和计划将 In the Soviet Union, tourism geography researchers believe that the social, group and individual tourism needs determine the spatial and temporal changes in tourism activities and geographical structure. People’s needs reflect the objective living conditions of a certain historical period. The satisfaction of demand depends entirely on the production, exchange and distribution of means of subsistence. In addition, Marx emphasizes: “Consumption refers objectively to the object of production, putting it as its inner object, as its demand, as its motive force and purpose, and consuming it in the subjective formal object of production.” The demand for tourism, like the total human needs, is also a product of history and constantly changing. The temporal and spatial changes in tourism demand are reflected in the geographical forms of tourism organizations. Therefore, the study of tourism demand for the exploration of all levels of tourism has been formed and planned