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本文介绍两个汉语知识数据库:一是包括3500常用字的“定型字义数据库“,另一个是包括20000个常用二字词及其词义方程式的“词义数据库”。一个“词义方程式”中包含五个“词义因子”:前字字义、后字字义、词的结构意义、词的核心意义、词的引申意义。“词义方程式”有助于在对外汉语词汇教学中把“二字词”先拆开解释,然后再合起来解释其整体,从而使汉语学习者真正透彻地理解词义。
This article introduces two Chinese knowledge databases: one is a “stereotyped database” that includes 3500 commonly used words, and the other is a “lexical database” that includes 20,000 common words and their semantic equations. A “semantic equation” contains five “word meaning factors”: the word before the word, the word after the word, the structural meaning of the word, the core meaning of the word, and the extended meaning of the word. The “Lexical Equations” help to explain the “two-word” in the vocabulary teaching of Chinese as a foreign language first and then explain the whole together so as to make the Chinese learners truly understand the meaning of the word.