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目的:探讨儿童精神分裂症的家庭动力学特征与母亲养育方式的关系,为探索如何通过改善母亲养育方式促进家庭动力学特征良性互动提供依据。方法:使用自编一般情况调查表、系统家庭动力学自评量表(SSFD)的4个纬度以及父母养育方式评价量表(EMBU)评定母亲养育方式的5个因子,对35例儿童精神分裂症患者(研究组)和35名正常儿童(对照组)进行评估。结果:1研究组的SSFD家庭气氛和系统逻辑维度高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(t=3.086,P<0.01;t=2.428,P<0.05);2EMBU的母亲情感温暖和理解因子得分低于正常对照组(t=-2.122,P<0.05),母亲偏爱因子得分高于正常组(t=2.165,P<0.05);3EMBU中母亲情感温暖和理解因子得分与SSFD中家庭气氛、个性化、疾病观念得分均呈显著负相关(r=-0.363,-0.449,-0.349;P<0.05),EMBU中母亲过分干涉、过度保护因子与SSFD中个性化和系统逻辑呈显著正相关(r=0.475,0.398;P<0.05),EMBU中母亲拒绝、否认因子与SSFD中家庭气氛维度呈显著正相关(r=0.368,P<0.05)。结论:精神分裂症儿童的母亲养育方式和家庭动力学特征与正常儿童存在差异,母亲低情感温暖和理解或过分干涉、过度保护、拒绝否认、偏爱的养育方式与家庭动力学不良的互动模式相关。
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationship between the dynamics of family dynamics and mother’s rearing patterns in children with schizophrenia and provide basis for exploring how to promote the positive interaction of family dynamics through improving mother’s rearing patterns. Methods: Five factors of maternal rearing were assessed by self-compiled questionnaire, 4 latitude of SSFD and EMBU, and 35 children with schizophrenia Patients (study group) and 35 normal children (control group) were evaluated. Results: 1 The SSFD family atmosphere and system logic dimension of the study group were higher than that of the control group (t = 3.086, P0.01; t = 2.428, P <0.05); 2EMBU’s mother’s emotional warmth and comprehension factor scores (T = -2.122, P <0.05). The partiality of mother preference factor was higher than that of the normal control group (t = 2.165, P <0.05). The score of emotional warmth and comprehension factor in 3EMBU was positively correlated with the family atmosphere and personality in SSFD (R = -0.363, -0.449, -0.349; P <0.05). The mothers in EMBU had excessive interference, and there was a significant positive correlation between overprotective factors and personality and system logic in SSFD (r = -0.363, = 0.475,0.398; P <0.05). The mothers in EMBU refused and the negative factor was positively correlated with the family atmosphere dimension in SSFD (r = 0.368, P <0.05). Conclusion: Mothers with schizophrenia have different parenting styles and family dynamics characteristics compared with normal children. Mothers with low emotional warmth and understanding or excessive interference, overprotection and refusal to deny that their preferred mode of parenting are associated with poor family dynamics .