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以魁蚶(Scapharca broughtonii)中国群体(C)和韩国群体(K)为材料,进行了4个组合的杂交和自交实验,分析了各实验组的受精率、孵化率、幼虫和稚贝的生长、存活以及杂交子一代的杂种优势。结果显示,4个组的受精率和孵化率均较高(80%以上);自交组的受精率略高于杂交组,但孵化率无显著差异。在幼虫期,KK组和KC组的壳长平均值大于CK组和CC组,但存活率和变态率无显著差异;在稚贝期,KK组和KC组的壳长平均值也均大于CK组和CC组,但CC组和CK组的保苗率比KC组和KK组高。综合分析比较表明,杂交KC组的杂种优势率在幼虫期和稚贝期的壳长生长上均表现为正值,在稚贝期的存活率方面也表现为正值,杂交KC组结合了两群体的部分优良性状,是理想的育种材料。
Four combinations of crossbreeding and selfing experiments were carried out using the Chinese population (C) and the Korean population (K) from Scapharca broughtonii. The fertilization rate, hatching rate, larval and juvenile Growth, survival and hybrid heterosis. The results showed that the fertilization rate and hatching rate of the four groups were all higher than 80%. The fertilization rate of the selfed group was slightly higher than that of the hybridization group, but the hatching rate was not significantly different. At larval stage, the average shell length of KK group and KC group was greater than that of CK group and CC group, but the survival rate and metamorphosis rate had no significant difference. In juvenile period, the average shell length of KK group and KC group were also greater than CK Group and CC group, but the seedling protection rate of CC group and CK group was higher than KC group and KK group. Comprehensive analysis and comparison showed that the heterosis rate of hybrid KC group showed positive values in shell length growth in larval stage and juvenile stage and also positive in survival stage in juvenile stage. Hybrid KC group combined with two Part of the fine traits of the population is the ideal breeding material.