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一、黄河防洪工程现状及存在的问题 近几十年来,黄河河床淤积严重,行洪能力急剧降低,“悬河”形势加剧,防洪水位逐年抬高。1950～1998年,高村、孙口、艾山、泺口、利津5个水文站3O00立方米每秒流量时水位分别抬高了3.94米、4.18米、3.72米、3.90米、2.70米。尤其是1987年以来,黄河来水量较小,主河槽淤积进一步加剧,1987～1997年黄河下游河道主河槽平均每年淤高0.12～0.16米,平槽流量由6000立方米每秒左右
First, the status quo of the Yellow River flood control project and existing problems In recent decades, serious siltation of the Yellow River bed, flood capacity decreased dramatically, “hanging river” situation intensified, flood control level year by year. From 1950 to 1998, the water levels of high village, Sunkou, Aishan, Qiaokou, and Lijin 5 hydrological stations were raised by 3.94 meters, 4.18 meters, 3.72 meters, 3.90 meters and 2.70 meters respectively at the flow rate of 3,0000 cubic meters per second. Especially since 1987, the inflow of the Yellow River is relatively small, and the siltation of the main channel is further aggravated. From 1987 to 1997, the main channel of the lower reaches of the Yellow River dwindled an average of 0.12 to 0.16 meters per year. The volume of flat trough was increased from 6,000 cubic meters per second