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清初,清政府对图们江地区实行封禁政策,严禁汉人和朝鲜边民进入,但这并没有阻止朝鲜边民的越境。到了清末,大量的朝鲜边民为了生存不断地越过图们江,潜入到中国边境垦居。这时清政府也逐渐地放开了封禁政策,开始实行移民实边政策,并设立越垦局等来管理这些朝鲜越垦人口。
In the early days of the Qing Dynasty, the Qing government imposed a blockade policy on the Tumen River area and prohibited the entry of Han Chinese and Korean border residents, but this did not stop the crossings of the North Koreans. By the end of the Qing Dynasty, a large number of North Korean border people continued to cross the Tumen River in order to survive and settle in the borderland of China. At this time, the Qing government also gradually liberalized the embargo policy, started the policy of solidarity with immigrants and set up the Bureau of Reclamation to manage these North Korean reclamation population.