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我国的地表水和浅层地下水资源的总量约为2.8万亿立方米/年,居世界第6位,但人均占有水量仅为世界平均的1/4,约2400立方米/人年。而且我国的水资源在区间的分布是严重不均匀的,全国水资源的81％分布在占全国耕地面积36％的长江流域及其以南地区,而淮河、黄河、海河、辽河流域的水资源仅占全国的9％,而耕地面积却占全国的42％,形成南方水多耕地少,北方水少耕地多;而且水资源在年际之间的分配或一年时间内的分布也严重不均匀,一年降雨量的60％～75％可能集中在6～8月期间内,即使严重缺水的华北地区仍会因降雨量集中,在短时间内发生洪
The total amount of surface water and shallow groundwater resources in China is about 2.8 trillion cubic meters per year, ranking sixth in the world. However, the average water consumption per capita in the world is only 1/4 of the world average, about 2400 cubic meters per person year. Moreover, the distribution of water resources in our country is seriously uneven. 81% of the national water resources are distributed in the Yangtze River Basin and its south area, accounting for 36% of the country’s arable land, while the water resources of the Huaihe River, the Yellow River, the Haihe River and the Liaohe River Basin Accounting for only 9% of the national total, while the cultivated area accounts for 42% of the national total, forming less water-intensive cultivated land in the south and more water in the northern part of the country. Moreover, the distribution of water resources in an inter-year distribution or within one year is also serious Evenly, 60% -75% of the rainfall in a year may be concentrated in the period from June to August. Even in the severe water shortage in North China, floods will occur in a short time due to the concentration of rainfall