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目的:为了进一步了解长春市城区围产儿出生缺陷的发生水平及其特征,探讨长春市城区降低出生缺陷水平的干预措施。方法:采用定量研究和定性研究的方法,对2008~2012年间长春市城区出生缺陷的发生情况进行回顾性分析研究。结果:2008~2012年长春市城区共有围产儿169 932例,发生出生缺陷3 147例,长春市城区五大高发出生缺陷分别为:先天性心脏病、多指(趾)、先天性脑积水、外耳其他畸形、唇裂合并腭裂。30~35岁的产妇出生缺陷发生率为15.89‰,为产妇各年龄段生育缺陷儿最少的阶段。结论:2008~2012年长春市城区出生缺陷发生率高于全国水平;5年间出生缺陷发生率无明显规律;母亲在30~35岁时生育缺陷儿最少。
Objective: In order to further understand the occurrence and characteristics of perinatal birth defects in urban areas of Changchun City, and to explore the intervention measures to reduce the level of birth defects in urban areas of Changchun. Methods: Quantitative and qualitative methods were used to analyze the incidence of birth defects in urban areas of Changchun from 2008 to 2012. Results: A total of 169 932 perinatal neonates were found in Changchun from 2008 to 2012, with 3 147 cases of birth defects. The five major birth defects in urban areas of Changchun were as follows: congenital heart disease, multiple fingers, congenital hydrocephalus, Outer ear other deformities, cleft lip cleft palate. The incidence of birth defects in 30-35 years old women was 15.89 ‰, which was the stage with the least birth defects in all age groups. Conclusion: The incidence of birth defects in urban areas of Changchun City from 2008 to 2012 is higher than the national average. There is no obvious regularity of birth defects in 5 years. The incidence of birth defects in mothers is the lowest among 30 to 35 years old.