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史学虽然是历史最悠久、传统最深厚的一门学科 ,但作为其中一个分支的口述史 ,却比其他学科更年轻 ,也更不成熟。口述史的研究对象已不再是传统的“故纸堆” ,而是活生生的人 ,所以极有必要借鉴人类学与民俗学的经验。但口述史研究不仅不能因此而抛弃文献、看轻文献 ,反而需要更深厚的文献功底和辨析史料的能力。正因为有文献的介入 ,口述历史才有可能从其他的口述传统中分离出来而别具一格 ,换句话说 ,将文献与口述相结合的口述史 ,是区别于人类学、民俗学的口述传统的主要特征。
Although historiography is one of the oldest and most traditional disciplines, its oral history as one of its branches is younger and less mature than other disciplines. Oral history of the object of study is no longer the traditional “paper pile”, but a living person, so it is necessary to learn from the experience of anthropology and folklore. However, oral history research not only can not abandon the literature, treat literature lightly, but need more profound literature and analysis of historical materials ability. It is precisely because of the involvement of the literature that it is possible for oral history to be separated from other oral traditions. In other words, the oral history of combining literature with oral traditions is the main difference from oral traditions of anthropology and folklore feature.