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目的了解绵阳市高校大学生干预前后乙型肝炎防治知识的认知情况,评价该市开展大学生乙型肝炎健康教育项目效果,为大学生乙型肝炎防治策略的制定提供参考依据。方法采用随机抽样的方法,健康教育干预前后,按照在校大学生1%的比例抽取绵阳市8所高等院校在校大学生1 035人作为调查对象,通过自填方式开展相同的问卷调查。结果通过乙型肝炎防治知识健康教育干预,大学生对乙型肝炎相关知识的知晓率从33.9%~92.7%提高到了92.9%~96.3%(均P<0.01);在对待乙肝病毒(HBV)携带者的态度方面,选择尽量回避交往和表面上和他保持交往但心里很排斥他的学生,由干预前的10%减少到3%(P<0.01);在对待同HBV携带者共同进餐的大学生中,选择不介意,和他共同进餐不会被感染HBV的由干预前的38.1%上升到干预后81.0%(P<0.01)。结论通过对在校大学生开展广泛的乙型肝炎防治知识健康教育活动,在校大学生的乙型肝炎防治知识知晓率显著提高,随着大学生对肝炎防治知识的掌握,对HBV携带者的排斥和歧视在大幅度降低。
Objective To understand the knowledge of prevention and treatment of hepatitis B in college students in Mianyang City before and after intervention and to evaluate the effect of health education programs on hepatitis B in college students in this city and to provide a reference for the formulation of prevention and treatment strategies for hepatitis B in college students. Methods A random sampling method was adopted. Before and after health education intervention, 1 035 college students from 8 colleges and universities in Mianyang were selected as the survey subjects according to the proportion of 1% of college students, and the same questionnaires were carried out through self-filling. Results The awareness of hepatitis B related knowledge among undergraduates increased from 33.9% to 92.7% to 92.3% to 96.3% (all P <0.01) through the Hepatitis B prevention and control knowledge health education intervention. In the treatment of hepatitis B virus (HBV) carriers , The number of students who chose to avoid communication and seemingly deal with him but exclaimed him was reduced from 10% before intervention to 3% (P <0.01). Among college students who co-meal with HBV carriers , Choose not mind, and his meal will not be infected with HBV before the intervention from 38.1% to 81.0% after intervention (P <0.01). Conclusion Through a wide range of hepatitis B prevention and treatment knowledge and health education activities for undergraduates, the awareness rate of hepatitis B prevention and treatment among undergraduates increased significantly. With the knowledge of prevention and treatment of hepatitis among college students, the exclusion and discrimination against HBV carriers At a substantial reduction.