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[目的]探讨抑癌基因蛋白P53及PCNA蛋白在早期胃癌发生中所起的作用。[方法]应用免疫组化技术检测28例早期胃癌及其癌旁组织的PCNA及抑癌基因蛋白P53的表达情况,采用t检验和χ2检验统计分析。[结果](1)正常胃黏膜、肠上皮化生黏膜、异型增生病灶及早期胃癌的PCNA阳性细胞率分别为11.7%、20.3%、36.4%和49.2%,细胞增殖活性逐渐增高,各组间有显著差异(P<0.05);在异型增生黏膜中,随异型程度的增高,增殖活性也逐渐升高,轻度、中度、重度病变的PCNA阳性细胞率分别为29.4%、35.5%和43.2%,各组与癌灶的PCNA阳性细胞率(49.2%)相比有显著差异(P<0.05)。(2)抑癌基因蛋白P53在轻度、中度、重度异型增生及早期胃癌中可见表达,阳性率分别为11.1%、14.3%、30.0%和42.4%,各组间相比无显著差异(P>0.05);而正常胃黏膜、肠上皮化生黏膜P53未见表达。(3)抑癌基因蛋白P53阳性表达的病例PC-NA阳性细胞率明显高于P53阴性表达的病例(P<0.05)。[结论]PCNA及抑癌基因蛋白P53在胃癌的发生中起重要的作用。
[Objective] To investigate the role of tumor suppressor gene protein P53 and PCNA protein in the pathogenesis of early gastric cancer. [Method] The expression of PCNA and tumor suppressor gene P53 in 28 cases of early stage gastric cancer and its adjacent tissues was detected by immunohistochemistry. The t test and χ2 test were used to analyze the expression of PCNA. [Results] (1) The positive rates of PCNA in normal gastric mucosa, intestinal metaplasia mucosa, dysplastic lesions and early gastric cancer were 11.7%, 20.3%, 36.4% and 49.2%, respectively. The proliferative activity of the cells increased gradually, (P <0.05). In dysplastic mucosa, the proliferative activity increased with the increase of dysplasia, and the rates of PCNA positive cells in mild, moderate and severe lesions were 29.4%, 35.5% and 43.2% respectively %, There was a significant difference (P <0.05) in the rate of PCNA positive cells in each group (49.2%). (2) The expression of tumor suppressor gene P53 in mild, moderate and severe dysplasia and early gastric cancer was 11.1%, 14.3%, 30.0% and 42.4%, respectively. There was no significant difference between the two groups P> 0.05), while normal gastric mucosa, intestinal metaplasia mucosa P53 no expression. (3) The positive rate of PC-NA positive cells in the P53 positive expression was significantly higher than that in the negative P53 expression (P <0.05). [Conclusion] PCNA and tumor suppressor gene P53 play an important role in the carcinogenesis of gastric cancer.