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研究表明,影响种源生长的主要因素是温度、湿度和日照时数,而导致木材比重自东向西递减的主要原因可能是日照时数和降水量。种源表型的优劣与其对气候的适应性无关。在种源水平上,杉木各性状具有中等或较强的遗传力,其中以生长性状为最高。3个生长性状(H_8、D_8、H_2)之间、两个分枝性状(NB、NW)之间,以及冠幅(CD)与胸径(D_8)之间,都存在着很强的表型和遗传相关性,而木材比重(SG)与其它性状之间的相关都非常微弱。利用Smith-Hazel指数对种源进行选择,可以使木材比重保持平均水平,而使生长和形态(尤其是8年生胸径和树高)性状的遗传进度达到最大。选出的10个最优种源为:湖南会同、广西融水、湖南祁阳、广东乐昌、广西那坡、福建永春碧卿、湖南江华、贵州锦屏、福建永安大湖和广东信宜。
Studies have shown that the main factors affecting the growth of provenances are temperature, humidity and sunshine hours, and the main reason that causes the proportion of wood to decrease from east to west may be sunshine hours and precipitation. The pros and cons of the provenance phenotype has nothing to do with its adaptation to climate. At the provenance level, all the Chinese fir traits have moderate or strong heritability, of which the highest is the growth trait. There was a strong phenotype between the three growth traits (H_8, D_8, H_2) and between the two branch traits (NB and NW) and between the crown width (CD) and the breast diameter (D_8) Genetic correlation, and the correlation between wood specific gravity (SG) and other traits is very weak. Selection of provenances using the Smith-Hazel Index can average the proportion of wood while maximizing the genetic progress of growth and morphology (especially the 8-year-old DBH and tree height) traits. The 10 best provenances were selected from Hunan Huitong, Guangxi Rongshui, Hunan Qiyang, Guangdong Lechang, Guangxi Napo, Fujian Yongchun Biqing, Hunan Jianghua, Guizhou Jinping, Fujian Yong’an Great Lakes and Guangdong Xinyi.