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本文新意在于,现有研究大多是在确定参照点的基础上判断损失厌恶的情况,在一定程度上忽视了参照点的异质性。本文是一种反向应用,由损失厌恶的程度判断群体参照点的位置,并得出轨道交通全体及各层次出行者对票价的预期。研究表明,轨道交通参照价格是多维参照在价格维度的综合,票价弹性不对称的现象在群体参照价格波峰处达到最大;轨道交通票价关乎出行者利益、轨道交通企业利益、政府财政负担、城市内各交通方式资源配置以及城市之间的公平等诸多问题,北京地铁基本票价存在上涨的紧迫性,但考虑出行者存在既有票价参照点依赖心理,上涨空间不大;改革一票制的单一票价制式势在必行,建议调整为包括计程票制和分时票制以及分区票制为主要形式的多元票价制式结构。
The new meaning of this article lies in the fact that most of the existing researches mostly determine the situation of loss aversion on the basis of determining the reference point, to a certain extent, ignore the heterogeneity of the reference point. This article is a reverse application, judging the location of the reference point of the group by the degree of loss aversion, and concludes the expectation of the fare for all rail transit and all levels of travelers. The research shows that the rail transit reference price is a multidimensional reference in the price dimension, and the phenomenon that the fare elasticity is asymmetric reaches the maximum at the peak of the group reference price. The fare of rail transit is related to the interests of the travelers, the interests of the rail transit enterprises, the government financial burden, The allocation of transport modes in the city and the fairness between the cities and many other issues, the basic fares of the Beijing Subway there is the urgency of the rise, but considering the existence of existing fares reference point travelers rely on psychological, little room for improvement; a vote of reform It is imperative to make a single fare system. It is proposed to adjust the structure to a multi-fare system that includes airtight ticket system and time-of-day ticket system as well as district-based ticket system.