目的探讨子宫内膜异位症（内异症）患者红细胞与白细胞免疫功能的相关性及在内异症发病中的作用。方法采用红细胞Ｃ３ｂ受体花环试验（ＲＣ３ｂＲ）及红细胞免疫复合物花环试验（ＲＩｃＲ）以及红细胞Ｃ３ｂ受体花环促进试验（ＲＦＥＲ）和抑制试验（ＲＦＩＲ）测定４４例内异症患者（内异症组）红细胞免疫功能变化；白细胞免疫功能指标采用４－甲基偶氮唑盐（ＭＴＴ）法检测患者外周血ＮＫ细胞活性，并与正常妇女（对照组）进行比较。结果内异症组ＲＣ３ｂＲ、ＲＦＥＲ值及ＮＫ细胞活性低于对照组，差异有显著性（Ｐ＜００５），其值随内异症病情加重有逐渐下降趋势；内异症患者ＲＩｃＲ及ＲＦＩＲ较对照组升高，差异有显著性（Ｐ＜００５）。经统计学相关性分析，４４例内异症患者ＲＣ３ｂＲ值与ＮＫ细胞活性的降低程度呈直线正相关（ｒ＝０７１００，Ｐ＜００１）。结论内异症患者红细胞免疫功能及ＮＫ细胞活性的降低可能与该病的发生与发展有关 Objective To investigate the correlation between erythrocyte and leucocyte immune function in patients with endometriosis (endometriosis) and its role in the pathogenesis of endometriosis. Methods Forty-four patients with endometriosis (endometriosis group) were treated with RC3bR and RIcR and RFER and RFIR of erythrocyte C3b receptor. ). The immune function of leukocytes was measured by MTT assay. The NK cell activity in peripheral blood was measured by MTT assay and compared with normal women (control group). Results The endometriosis group RC3bR, RFER value and NK cell activity were lower than the control group, the difference was significant (P <0  05), its value with the exacerbation of endometriosis decreased gradually; endometriosis RIcR and RFIR Compared with the control group, the difference was significant (P <005). Statistically correlation analysis showed that there was a linear positive correlation between RC3bR value and NK cell activity in 44 patients with endometriosis (r = 0.7100, P <001). Conclusion The decrease of erythrocyte immune function and NK cell activity in patients with endometriosis may be related to the occurrence and development of the disease