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在互联网发达的信息社会,员工沉默现象普遍存在,严重阻碍着组织内信息沟通,损害组织绩效。本研究从社会交换理论的视角,揭示参与型领导、领导对员工的信任和员工绩效水平对默许性沉默、防御性沉默和亲社会沉默三种不同沉默行为的影响机制。通过对6家大型企业中185名员工及其54名直接领导的配对数据进行多层数据分析发现:(1)参与型领导负向影响员工的默许性和防御性沉默,正向影响亲社会沉默;(2)领导对员工的信任中介参与型领导与员工沉默的关系;(3)员工绩效水平调节参与型领导与员工防御性沉默和亲社会沉默的关系。
In the Internet-developed information society, employee silence is widespread, seriously impeding the communication of information within the organization and undermining organizational performance. From the perspective of social exchange theory, this study reveals the impact mechanism of participatory leadership, leadership trust and employee performance on three different silent behaviors: tacit silence, defensive silence and pro-social silence. By multi-layer data analysis of the paired data of 185 employees and their 54 direct leaders in six large-scale enterprises, we found that: (1) Participatory leadership negatively influenced employees’ tacit approval and defensive silence, and positively influenced the prosocial silence ; (2) the relationship between leadership’s participation in leadership trust and employees’ silence; (3) the employee’s performance level to regulate the relationship between participatory leadership and staff’s defensive silence and pro-social silence.