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目的为了解2015年宝鸡市市售食品中汞的污染情况,并对食品中汞的暴露量和人群健康风险进行初步分析评价。方法从大型农贸市场、超市等地购买176份样品,用直接测汞仪进行检测分析。结果汞在水果、蔬菜、禽畜肉、大米、淡水鱼和猪牛羊肝肾中的检出率分别为71.4%、71.9%、90.9%、95.8%、100.0%、65.0%,其中蔬菜和禽畜肉的超标率分别为9.4%和9.1%;汞的单项污染指数均小于0.7;食品中每人每日汞的暴露量均小于0.571μg/kg;汞的年均超额风险度均小于5.0×10-5/年。结论 2015年宝鸡市市售食品已存在汞污染,但总体还是安全的,食品中的汞暴露量处于安全水平,居民通过膳食摄入汞带来的健康风险很小。
Objective To understand the pollution of mercury in commercially available foods in Baoji City in 2015, and preliminary analysis of the mercury exposure and health risks in foodstuffs. Methods A total of 176 samples were purchased from large-scale farmer’s markets, supermarkets and other places, and tested by direct mercury analyzer. Results The detection rates of mercury in the liver and kidney of fruits, vegetables, livestock meat, rice, freshwater fish and pig, sheep, sheep and sheep were 71.4%, 71.9%, 90.9%, 95.8%, 100.0% and 65.0% The exceeding standard rate of livestock meat was 9.4% and 9.1% respectively. The single pollution index of mercury was less than 0.7. The daily mercury exposure in food was less than 0.571μg / kg. The annual average excess mercury risk was less than 5.0 × 10-5 / year. Conclusions Mercury pollution has existed in commercial foods in Baoji City in 2015, but overall it is still safe. The mercury exposure in food is at a safe level. Residents’ health risks caused by dietary intake of mercury are very small.