晚清中国在其存在的七十多年的时间里饱受了西方列强的侵略。列强的侵略使中国蒙受极大耻辱,国家陷入灾难性境地的同时,亦使一部分先进的中国人觉醒起来,资产阶级君主立宪思想也就是在这一历史背景之下发端,并逐步演变和发展。这其间经历了从初级阶段的“君民共主”思想到高级阶段的议会君主立宪思想的过程,这不仅是晚清中国的君主立宪思想的发展过程,同时亦是晚清中国的先进分子努力探索资本主义救国道路,尝试在中国建立资产阶级君主立宪政体的过程。虽然在辛亥革命建立民国之后,君主立宪思想实际上已经不再被大多数人所重视和接受,但我们依然要清楚地看到其在特定历史时期曾客观上有力地促进了人们思想的启蒙,带来了一定程度的政治变革,推动了中国现代化的进程。我们应以历史和发展的观点去看待晚清中国的君主立宪思想。这意味着我们如果想要对晚清中国的君主立宪思想作出符合客观事实的公正评价,这就需要我们运用唯物主义历史观来分析特定的历史存在。 During the more than 70 years of existence in the late Qing Dynasty, China suffered from the aggression of the Western powers. While the aggression of the powers brought great shame on China and the country was in a catastrophic state, it also awakened a part of the advanced Chinese people. That is to say, the constitutional monarchy’s constitutional thinking started under this historical background and gradually evolved and developed. In the meantime, the process of constitutional monarchy from parliamentary monarchy and domination in the primary stage to parliamentary monarchy in the advanced stage was not only the process of the development of the monarchy constitutional monarchy in late Qing China, but also the efforts of the advanced elements in late Qing China Explore the capitalist road to salvation and try to establish a bourgeois constitutional monarchy in China. Although the constitutional monarchy was practically no longer regarded or accepted by most people after the establishment of the Republic of China in the 1911 Revolution, we still have to clearly see that it has objectively and effectively promoted the enlightenment of people’s minds during the specific historical period. A certain degree of political change has come to promote the process of China’s modernization. We should view the constitutional monarchy in late Qing China from the perspective of history and development. This means that if we want to make a fair assessment of objective constitutional facts in the late Qing dynasty in China, this requires us to use the materialist view of history to analyze the specific historical existence.