目前,能源环境的挑战已经是全球性议题。在现有的一次能源中,不可再生的化石能源所占比重过大,资源储量紧张。而化石能源的大量开发和使用不仅导致资源紧张,也使得环境污染和气候变化等问题日益突出,严重威胁人类社会的生存发展。鉴于此,世界范围内能源变革的需求变得尤为迫切。这就需要大力开发分布广、潜力大的各种可再生能源,以保障能源长期稳定供应;通过转变能源能源生产、配置和消费方式,大规模开发 At present, the challenge of the energy environment is already a global issue. Among the existing primary energy sources, the proportion of non-renewable fossil energy sources is too large and the resource reserves are tight. The large amount of development and use of fossil fuels not only leads to resource shortage, but also makes the problems such as environmental pollution and climate change increasingly prominent, seriously threatening the survival and development of human society. Given this, the need for energy change worldwide has become even more pressing. This requires vigorously developing a wide range of potential renewable energy sources in order to ensure a long-term and stable supply of energy. By transforming energy energy production, deployment and consumption, large-scale development