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血管紧张素Ⅰ转换酶（ＡＣＥ）是一种锌金属肽酶，其主要作用底物为血管紧张素Ⅰ和缓激肽，通过血管紧张素Ⅱ（Ａ－Ⅱ）的生成及缓激肽的降解调节血管的紧张性和血管平滑肌细胞增殖，参与了多种肾脏疾病的病理生理改变。随着分子生物学技术的发展，已明确ＡＣＥ基因的１６内含子内存在一个２８７ｂｐ的插入／缺失（Ｉ／Ｄ）多态性，ＡＣＥ基因有３种基因型：ＤＤ型、ＤＩ型和Ⅱ型。研究表明机体ＡＣＥ水平受ＡＣＥ基因Ｉ／Ｄ多态性影响。目前发现ＡＣＥ基因遗传多态性与多种肾脏疾患的发病、发展以及治疗反应有关。
Angiotensin I converting enzyme (ACE) is a kind of zinc metal peptidase, the main substrates for which are angiotensin I and bradykinin, which are regulated by the production of angiotensin II (A-II) and the degradation of bradykinin Vascular tension and vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation, involved in a variety of pathophysiological changes of kidney disease. With the development of molecular biology techniques, it is clear that there is a 287bp insertion / deletion (I / D) polymorphism in the 16 introns of ACE gene. ACE gene has three genotypes: DD, DI and Ⅱ type. Studies have shown that the body ACE level by the ACE gene I / D polymorphism. ACE gene polymorphism has been found in a variety of kidney disease incidence and development, and treatment response.