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目的了解中国≥15岁居民10种常见慢性病患病现状及其对健康相关生命质量的影响,为慢性病的防治和干预及卫生资源的合理配置提供实证性参考依据。方法收集2013年9月国家卫生计生委统计信息中心在全国范围内开展的第五次国家卫生服务调查数据,分析中国≥15岁居民慢性病患病现状,并根据构成比从高到低选取其中最常见的10种慢性病,应用效用积分值体系计算慢性病患者生命质量综合指数,比较疾病别慢性病患者生命质量的差异,评价疾病别慢性病对生命质量的影响,估算全国范围内每年由于慢性病造成的质量调整生命年损失和经济损失。结果 2013年中国≥15岁居民慢性病患病率为33.0%,男性和女性慢性病患病率分别为30.9%和34.9%;构成比由高到低居于前10位的常见慢性病依次为高血压、糖尿病、椎间盘疾病、其他运动系疾病、脑血管病、急慢性胃肠炎、其他类型心脏病、类风湿性关节炎、其他缺血性心脏病、慢性阻塞性肺炎,共占慢性病患病总例数的79.7%;多元线性回归分析结果显示,在控制性别和年龄后,慢性病患病均造成不同程度的生命质量折损(均P<0.001),对慢性病患者生命质量综合指数影响由大到小的慢性病依次为脑血管病、其他运动系疾病、类风湿性关节炎、高血压、椎间盘疾病、慢性阻塞性肺炎、急慢性胃肠炎、其他类型心脏病、其他缺血性心脏病、糖尿病,分别造成生命质量综合指数折损的0.122、0.102、0.101、0.084、0.084、0.048、0.043、0.040、0.040、0.036;以全国总人口估算,2013年10种常见慢性病造成的居民质量调整寿命年损失为16 655 592年,经济损失为6 980 025 591元。结论中国居民慢性病患病率较高,可导致生命质量的折损,并带来巨大的疾病负担,造成重大经济损失,应筛选重点慢性疾病进行干预,从而加强慢性病管理与干预。
Objective To understand the prevalence of 10 common chronic diseases and its impact on health-related quality of life in Chinese population aged ≥15 years and provide empirical evidence for the prevention and intervention of chronic diseases and the rational allocation of health resources. Methods The data of the fifth National Health Service survey conducted by the National Statistical and Information Center for National Health and Family Planning and Statistics in September 2013 were collected to analyze the prevalence of chronic diseases among residents aged ≥ 15 in China. According to the composition ratio, Common 10 kinds of chronic diseases, the application of utility value system to calculate the quality of life of patients with chronic disease index, comparing the quality of life of patients with chronic diseases, differences in the assessment of disease, chronic diseases on the impact of quality of life, estimated annually due to chronic disease quality adjustment Loss of life and economic loss. Results The prevalence of chronic diseases in Chinese population aged ≥15 years old was 33.0% in 2013, and the prevalence rate of chronic diseases in both men and women was 30.9% and 34.9% respectively. The most common chronic diseases with high to low occupational composition were hypertension, diabetes , Disc disease, other sports diseases, cerebrovascular disease, acute and chronic gastroenteritis, other types of heart disease, rheumatoid arthritis, other ischemic heart disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, the total number of cases of chronic diseases (79.7%). The results of multivariate linear regression analysis showed that the quality of life of patients with chronic diseases had different degrees of quality loss (both P <0.001) after controlling for sex and age, Chronic diseases followed by cerebrovascular disease, other sports diseases, rheumatoid arthritis, hypertension, disc disease, chronic obstructive pneumonia, acute and chronic gastroenteritis, other types of heart disease, other ischemic heart disease, diabetes, respectively Resulting in a loss of 0.122,0.102,0.101,0.084,0.084,0.048,0.043,0.040,0.040,0.036 composite index of quality of life; the total national population estimated that in 2013 10 common Residents of sexually transmitted diseases caused by quality-adjusted life year loss of 16 655 592 years, economic losses 6,980,025,591 yuan. Conclusions The higher prevalence of chronic diseases among Chinese residents can lead to the loss of quality of life and bring a huge burden of disease, resulting in significant economic losses. Key chronic diseases should be screened to intervene so as to strengthen the management and intervention of chronic diseases.