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与活动精子表面成分相反应的抗体,能在体内外干扰受精。不孕症与女性血清、宫颈粘液以及男性血清、精浆和结合在精子上的抗精子抗体有关.在青春期开始形成的精子特异性成分被免疫系统识为异物.但大多数男性与性功能正常的女性都不产生抗精子抗体.这种长期进化而来的对精子免疫的耐受性对于高等动物的生殖与存活可能是极为重要的.在男性,防止对精子自身免疫反应发生的第一道防线是结构屏障。这基本上是一被动机制。生殖道上皮细胞的隔绝功能阻碍了大分子物质进出生殖道.
Antibodies that react with the active sperm surface composition can interfere with fertilization both in vitro and in vivo. Infertility is associated with female serum, cervical mucus, and male sera, seminal plasma, and antisperm antibodies that bind to sperm.Sperm-specific components that begin to form during adolescence are recognized by the immune system as foreign bodies, but most males have normal sexual function Of women do not produce anti-sperm antibodies.This long-term evolution of the immune tolerance of sperm for higher animal reproduction and survival may be extremely important.In men, to prevent the onset of sperm autoimmune response first Defense is the structural barrier. This is basically a passive mechanism. Isolation of the reproductive tract epithelial cells hinder the entry of macromolecules into the genital tract.