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发展以生态建设为主的现代林业,需要有一些不同于传统林业的衡量标准。本文在综合森林覆盖率、活立木蓄积量、单位面积森林蓄积量等传统林业评价指标的基础上,研究提出了一项新的指标——森林厚度。它是指用某一地区森林和树木的总蓄积量假设覆盖全部土地所能达到的厚度,单位用毫米(mm)。该指标可解决长期以来运用森林覆盖率不能全面反映生态建设水平的问题,使衡量和比较不同地区、不同时期之间的林业生态建设水平变得既简易又清晰。当指标值大于9mm时,表示生态环境优秀;6~9mm为生态良好;3~6mm为生态适中;0~3mm为生态较差。本文计算了全球、17个国家、中国不同历史时期以及不同地区的森林厚度指标值,并对其林业生态状况作了比较和评价。
The development of modern forestry based on ecological construction needs some measures different from the traditional forestry. Based on the traditional forest evaluation indexes such as forest coverage, living stock volume and forest stock volume per unit area, this paper proposes a new index - forest thickness. It refers to the total volume of forests and trees in a region assumed to cover all the land can reach the thickness, in millimeters (mm). This index can solve the problem that the long-term use of forest coverage can not fully reflect the level of ecological construction, making it easy and clear to measure and compare the level of forestry ecological construction in different regions and different periods. When the index value is greater than 9mm, it means that the ecological environment is excellent; 6 ~ 9mm is good for ecology; 3 ~ 6mm is moderate for ecology; 0 ~ 3mm is poor for ecology. This paper calculates the forest thickness index value in the world, 17 countries, different historical periods in China and different regions, and compares and evaluates the forestry ecological status.