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目的初步分析农村妇女宫颈癌发病情况,为农村宫颈癌筛查工作提供依据。方法回顾性分析罗定市300例接受宫颈癌筛查的农村已婚妇女资料,所有女性均接受妇科常规内检、宫颈脱落细胞检查(TCT)、白带常规。其中,TCT阳性女性进一步接受阴道镜检查与活检组织病理检查,利用统计软件分析宫颈癌筛查结果。结果罗定市农村妇女宫颈癌知晓率仅为39.33%,处于较低水平,宫颈炎发生率为27.33%,宫颈癌发生率为2.0%,不同疾病发生率差异显著(P<0.05),主要发生在34~45岁人群中;阴道镜确诊率为67.33%,TCT确诊率为78.67%,经比较两种方法确诊率差异显著(P<0.05)。结论农村妇女对宫颈癌的知晓率较低,需积极进行宫颈癌筛查,有利于宫颈癌前病变、宫颈癌的早期检出,建议在基层农村大力推广宫颈癌教育和筛查活动。
Objective To analyze the incidence of cervical cancer in rural women and provide the basis for rural cervical cancer screening. Methods The data of 300 rural married women who underwent screening for cervical cancer in Luoding were retrospectively analyzed. All women received routine gynecological examinations, cervical exfoliated cells examination (TCT) and vaginal discharge routine. Among them, TCT-positive women further colposcopy and biopsy histopathological examination, the use of statistical software analysis of cervical cancer screening results. Results The awareness rate of cervical cancer in rural women in Luoding was only 39.33%, which was lower than that in other cities. The incidence of cervicitis was 27.33% and the incidence of cervical cancer was 2.0%. The incidence rate of different diseases was significantly different (P <0.05). Among 34-45 years old, the colposcopy diagnosis rate was 67.33% and the TCT diagnosis rate was 78.67%. There was significant difference between the two methods (P <0.05). Conclusion Rural women have a low awareness rate of cervical cancer. Cervical cancer screening should be actively carried out to promote cervical precancerous lesions and early detection of cervical cancer. It is suggested that cervical cancer education and screening should be promoted in rural areas.