利用农作物秸秆合成无土栽培基质是其资源化利用的一条有效途径,但秸秆基质单独使用时存在物理性状的缺陷,试验以腐熟的玉米秸秆与小麦秸秆体积比2:1混合作为基础秸秆基质,研究了其与土壤、炉渣、蛭石三种基质材料的复配效果,并以草炭与炉渣的复合基质为对照,选择不同类型秸秆复合基质进行了设施番茄的栽培试验,结果表明:秸秆基质与土壤、炉渣等重型基质材料复配可显著改善其物理性状,适宜的复配比例为3:1～4:1;秸秆基质在设施番茄栽培过程中基质物理性状仍发生较大变化,容重较定植前提高,而大小孔隙比显著降低,对照基质栽培前后物理性状变化不大;秸秆型基质在设施番茄栽培上的应用效果良好,与对照相比,秸秆与土壤的复合基质显著提高了番茄植株叶片的净光合速率,并显著增加了番茄座果数与产量。 It is an effective way to synthesize soilless culture substrate with crop stalks. However, when straw substrate is used alone, there are some defects in physical properties. In the experiment, 2: 1 mixture of corn stover and wheat straw was used as the base straw substrate, The effect of compounding with soil, slag and vermiculite was studied, and the composite substrate of peat and slag was taken as the control. The different types of straw composite substrate were chosen to carry out the cultivation experiment of facility tomato. The results showed that: Soil, slag and other heavy matrix materials compounding can significantly improve its physical properties, the appropriate compounding ratio of 3: 1 ~ 4: 1; straw substrate in the process of planting tomato substrate physical properties are still undergoing major changes in bulk density than planting Before and after the control substrate cultivation, the physical properties before and after cultivation did not change much. The application effect of straw-type substrate on tomato cultivation was good. Compared with the control, the composite substrate of straw and soil significantly increased the growth of tomato plant leaves Net photosynthetic rate, and significantly increased the number of tomato fruit and yield.