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作者首次提出了玉米茎腐病侵染分成4个阶段的理论,即发病前期(Ⅰ),根系显症期(Ⅱ),病害快速上升期(Ⅲ),植株地上部显症期(Ⅳ)。根据田间病株症状系统观察、病菌分离以及病组织显微观察,明确了茎腐病是以生育前期侵染为主,后期侵染为辅的病害。植株地上部受害症状受根系被害程度和环境因素制约。降雨和高温是影响病程发展速度的关键因子。两种茎腐病菌只有到植株散粉期才能进入茎基髓部。
The authors first put forward the theory that stalk rot in maize can be divided into four stages, that is, pre-emergence stage (Ⅰ), root stage (Ⅱ), rapid disease stage (Ⅲ) and plant overground stage (Ⅳ). According to the observation of the symptom system of diseased plants in the field, the separation of pathogens and the microscopic observation of the diseased tissues, it was clarified that stalk rot was the disease which was mainly infected in the early growth period and supplemented by the late infection. The symptoms of plant upper part damage are affected by the degree of root damage and environmental factors. Rainfall and high temperature are the key factors affecting the speed of disease progression. Two stem rot bacteria only to the plant powder stage to enter the stem base of the pulp.