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以初始体重(13.80±0.40)mg的大黄鱼(Pseudosciaena crocea R.)稚鱼为对象,在室内系统内进行饲养试验,研究了新开发的3种微颗粒饲料(Diet 1–Diet 3)、混合饲料(Diet 4:Diet 3和冷藏桡足类)与冷藏桡足类(Diet 5,对照组)对25—60日龄大黄鱼稚鱼消化酶活力、肠和肝脏显微结构的影响。结果显示,35和60日龄时,微颗粒饲料组鱼苗间的胰蛋白酶活力差异不显著(P>0.05),但均较25日龄时高,而混合组和对照组无显著变化。除对照组鱼苗35日龄时的胰淀粉酶活力显著(P<0.05)高于25和60日龄外,其他各组间均无显著差异。随着鱼苗的生长,除混合组和对照组外,各组间鱼苗肠道氨肽酶和碱性磷酸酶活力均逐渐升高。组织学结果显示,混合组35日龄鱼苗前中肠黏膜上有大量脂滴,而其他各组鱼苗则没有。微颗粒饲料组鱼苗肠黏膜褶皱比混合组和对照组多且深,直肠黏膜上皮细胞中可见脂滴积累,而对照组鱼苗直肠几乎没有褶皱,并缺乏脂滴。微颗粒饲料组鱼苗肝细胞内有大量脂滴,胞核移向细胞外周。混合组鱼苗35日龄时肝细胞内也有脂滴,但数量在60日龄时减少。对照组鱼苗肝脏中可见类似于饥饿状态的胞间隙、细胞质塌陷和胞核固缩。以上结果表明,合适的微颗粒饲料可促进大黄鱼稚鱼消化道的发育。基于Diet 1效果优于Diet 2和Diet 3,可将其作为进一步研究大黄鱼稚鱼营养和微颗粒饲料的基础配方。
Feeding experiment was conducted in indoor system of juvenile of Pseudosciaena crocea R., whose initial body weight was (13.80 ± 0.40) mg. The newly developed Diet 1-Diet 3 Effects of diet (Diet 4: Diet 3 and chilled copepods) and chilled copepods (diet 5, control) on digestive enzyme activity, intestine and liver microstructure of juvenile fish of large yellow croaker 25-60 days old. The results showed that there was no significant difference in trypsin activity between the fish fed the micro-pellet diet at 35 and 60 days of age (P> 0.05), but both of them were higher than those at 25 days of age, but no significant changes were observed in the mixed and control groups. Except the control group, the pancreatic amylase activity was significantly higher at 35 days of age (P <0.05) than that at 25 and 60 days of age. There was no significant difference between the other groups. With the growth of fry, the activities of aminopeptidase and alkaline phosphatase of fish fry increased gradually except the mixed group and the control group. Histological results showed that there were a large number of lipid droplets in the mucosa of 35-day-old fry in the mixed group, but no fry in the other groups. In the micro-pellet feed group, the intestinal mucosal folds of fry were more and more deep than those in the mixed group and the control group, while lipid droplets were found in the rectal mucosal epithelial cells. In the control group, there were almost no folds and no lipid droplets in the rectum. Microparticle fodder group had a large number of lipid droplets in liver cells, the nucleus moved to the periphery of cells. Lipid droplets were also present in hepatocytes of mixed fry at 35 days of age, but the number was reduced at 60 days of age. The control group, the liver can be seen in the liver similar to the state of the interstitial starvation, cytoplasm collapse and nuclear pyknosis. The above results show that the appropriate micro-particle feed can promote the development of digestive tract of juvenile large yellow croaker. Based on Diet 1, which is superior to Diet 2 and Diet 3, it can be used as a basic formulation to further study the nutrient and microparticle feed for large yellow croaker.