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目的:探讨胎儿鼻畸形的产前超声表现与诊断技巧,提高此类畸形的产前超声检出率。方法:超声对胎儿颜面部进行冠状、矢状及横切面扫查,并以胎儿鼻孔的横切面和面部正中矢状切面为主要切面,当上述两个正交方向的切面均表现出鼻畸形特征时,才做出诊断。将引产后的胎儿标本行模拟宫内超声检查并与尸检结果比较。结果:产前产后共检出31例鼻畸形,25例于产前获得明确诊断,产前超声总检出率80.6%(25/31)。31例鼻畸形中,包括无鼻畸形6例,长鼻或喙鼻畸形5例,扁平或单鼻孔畸形3例,正中唇腭裂并鼻发育不良7例,鞍鼻畸形9例,裂鼻畸形1例。其中有13例行染色体核型分析。结论:产前超声对胎儿面部鼻畸形可准确显示,是诊断鼻畸形的可靠的影像诊断方法。
Objective: To investigate the prenatal ultrasound manifestations and diagnostic skills of fetal nasal deformities and to improve the detection rate of prenatal ultrasound. Methods: The coronal, sagittal and transverse sections of fetal facial areas were scanned by ultrasound. The transverse section of the fetal nostrils and median sagittal section of the face were taken as the main sections. When the two orthogonal sections showed nasal deformities Before making a diagnosis. The fetus after induction of labor simulated intrauterine ultrasound and compared with autopsy results. Results: A total of 31 cases of nasal deformities were detected in prenatal and postnatal period. 25 cases were diagnosed prenatally and the total prenatal ultrasound was 80.6% (25/31). Among the 31 cases of nasal deformities, there were 6 cases without nasal deformity, 5 cases with proboscis or beak nasal deformity, 3 cases with flat or single nostril malformation, 7 cases with cleft lip and palate with nasal dysplasia, 9 cases with saddle nose and nasal deformity, example. Thirteen of them had chromosomal karyotype analysis. Conclusion: Prenatal ultrasound can accurately show facial nasal deformities and it is a reliable diagnostic method for diagnosing nasal deformities.