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从公民资格权利发展角度考察我国的社会转型有利于分析、解释国家面临的挑战和宏观发展轨迹。1990年代以来,在市场经济的发展、社会的分化和利益的多元化、社会公平问题、政府转型的大背景下,我国公民资格权利取得了一定进展:与市场经济建设相关的公民权利内容进一步发展,民主政治的实践使公民政治权利的形式和内容有所充实,社会权利的保护和发展尚处于探索当中。从宏观角度看,公民资格诸权利呈现出分化发展和相互推动的特点;国家主导制度构建与公民积极行使权利构成公民资格权利发展的双动力;户籍制度对权利的分等作用弱化,平等的公民资格权利的普遍化进程加速;程序性权利的设置与保障仍然不足,呈现出探索性特征。
Examining the social transformation in our country from the perspective of the development of the rights of citizenship is conducive to analyzing and explaining the challenges faced by the country and the trajectory of its macro development. Since the 1990s, with the development of the market economy, the social differentiation and the diversification of interests, the issue of social equity and the transformation of the government, certain progress has been made in the rights of citizenship in China: the content of civil rights related to the construction of a market economy has further developed The practice of democratic politics has enriched the form and content of civil political rights and the protection and development of social rights are still under exploration. From a macro perspective, the qualifications of citizens enjoy the characteristics of differentiated development and mutual promotion. The construction of the state-led system and the active exercise of citizens’ rights constitute the dual impetus for the development of citizen’s rights. The household registration system has weakened the role of equal rights and equal citizens The process of universalization of eligibility rights is accelerated; the establishment and guarantee of procedural rights are still inadequate, showing exploratory characteristics.