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本文综述了近年来国内外肝素研究的发展动态。为了减小肝素这一强抗凝剂的副作用,扩大临床应用,根据其不均一性和可分性的特点,通过物理分级和化学修饰等手段研制低抗凝、低分子量的肝素和改构肝素是当前肝素研究的重要方向。低分子量肝素除出血并发症少外,尚可口服经消化道吸收。改构肝素不但可掩蔽或降低强抗凝活性,还可延长体内存留时间,有利于制备长效制剂。这些研究对于肝素这一老药的新用途开发具有重要意义。
This review summarizes the development of heparin research at home and abroad in recent years. In order to reduce the side effects of heparin, a strong anticoagulant, to expand clinical application, according to the characteristics of its heterogeneity and separability, low anticoagulant, low molecular weight heparin and modified heparin were developed by means of physical classification and chemical modification It is an important direction of current heparin research. In addition to low molecular weight heparin bleeding complications, but also oral absorption by the digestive tract. Modified heparin can not only mask or reduce the strong anticoagulant activity, but also extend the body retention time, is conducive to the preparation of long-acting formulations. These studies are of great importance to the development of new uses of heparin, an old drug.