论文部分内容阅读
仔细研究过每单元重点语法项目的同学会疑惑，人教版1～8册，竟然没有一个单元是集中讲解或复习状语从句的。这是否意味着状语从句就不重要，就没有必要复习呢？显然不是，反之，纵观近三年的高考对该项目的考查：2015年，10题；2014年12题；2013年13题：数字惊人！对此我们掌握了多少？有无遗漏？我们是否了解高考考查的重点？复习时能否有的放矢？
近三年主要侧重对时间状语、条件状语、让步状语从句的考查，原因状语、目的状语、地点状语从句也涉及一二。因此备考时同学们务必牢记九大类状语从句中的重点引导词（黑体字）及其含义和结构。
1. 时间：before（“要不了多久就……”；“要过多久才”；”还没来得及……就”），since（考查时态），until（“直到……才”），as soon as，no sooner ... than，hardly/scarcely ... when（一……就），be about to do ... when （正准备……突然），once（一旦），when，whenever，till，after，immediately，instantly，the moment，every/each time等；
2. 条件：unless（除非），as long as/so long as（只要），in case（以防，万一），if，providing/provided （that），suppose/supposing （that）等；
3. 让步：while（然而），though，although，as（考查倒装），even if/though（尽管，即使），whether，however，whatever，whoever ...等；
4. 原因：since（既然，因为），now （that）（既然），because，as，seeing （that）等；
5. 目的so that，in case/for fear （that）/lest（以免）so，in order that等；
6. 结果：so ... that，such ... that，such that，so that等；
7. 地点：where，wherever等；
8. 方式：as，as if，as though等；
9. 比较：as ... as，the same as，more than ...，no more than，such ... as ...等。
这么繁杂的引导词怎么记忆？笔者以为：一要侧重常考、易错考点，有目标才高效；二要善思考，思考考点意图，有的放矢；三要勤练习，实践出真知。
先看短文改错：
（2012年高考辽宁卷） In the end，we drove to a service station and waited there unless the road was clear. （unless→until）
（2012全国卷2） To deal with a problem，I think，we should first go all out to plant trees though trees will help save water. （though→since/because/as）
（2013年高考新课标I卷）He even scared my classmates away during they came over to play or do homework with me. （during→when）
再看语法填空：
（2014年高考上海卷）... I believe that （27） as long as I was offered a good position，I would resign at once ... （考查“条件关系”）
（2015年高考上海卷） The first parking space I found was convenient， but I’d noticed a woman in a blue car circling for a while. （25） because/since/as I was in a good mood，I let her have it。（考查“因果关系”）
全国卷怎么考状语从句？考查的都是“逻辑关系”和“意义”。当然不排除直接考结构如hardly ... when/it won’t be long before/not ... until或者考查时态语态。在完形填空中的考查也是如此——无外乎结构和含义。只要在记忆的基础上加之稍许判断就能得分。
实战演练
改错
1. I had hardly got to the office than my wife phone me to go back home at once.
2. When asking for his views about his teaching job， Philip said he found it very interesting and rewarding.
3. Hot although the night air was， we slept deeply because we were so tired after the long journey.
4. A number of high buildings have arisen when there was nothing a year ago but ruins. 5. Leave your key with your neighbor in case of you lock yourself out one day.
6. The police officers in our city work hard in order the rest of us can live a safe life.
7. One Friday， we were packing to leave for a weekend away while my daughter heard cries for help.
8. It was April 29， 2001 that Prince William and Kate Middleton walked into the palace hall of the wedding ceremony.
9. As it reported， it is 100 years after Qinghua University was founded.
10. Since all of them are strong candidates， only one will be chosen for the post.
参考答案 1. than→when 2. asking→asked 3. although→as 4. when→where 5. 去掉of 6. in order后加that 7. while→when 8. that→when 9. after→since 10. Since→While
语法填空
The Million Pound Bank Note
When sailing home， Henry， an American businessman found himself 1 （carry） out to sea by a strong wind. He was spotted by a ship 2 he was about to give himself up， 3 he landed in London by accident. Hungry and alone， he walked on the streets of the city 4 he was unexpectedly called into a mansion， where two rich brothers， Oliver and Roderick， gave him a letter and told him not to open it 5 it turned two o’clock of the day. Not 6 （know） it was a million pound bank note， Henry left the mansion and went into a cheap restaurant to stuff himself. Everybody was rude to him 7 he was in rags and looked depressed. Then to the surprise of everybody， he handed the owner a million pound bank note 8 （pay） for the meal.
9 seeing the note， all the people in the restaurant became polite and tried their best to please Henry. Don’t you think it’s the 10 incredible tale in the world？
参考答案 1. carried 2. when 3. so 4. when 5. until 6. knowing 7. because 8. to pay 9. On 10. most
写 作
（2014年高考重庆卷） 青少年研究专家Susan Beacham在自己的英文网站上开辟专栏，邀请大家分享心目中的“最好礼物”。她认为，礼物贵在心意，应为之付出时间和精力。
假设你是李华，请用英文发帖，内容应包括：
1. 赞同Susan的看法；2. 你收到或送出的最好的物是什么；3. 该礼物的意义；4. 期待大家回复；5. 开头已给出。
I am a high school student from China，I am quite for your opinion about the best gifts：the value of gifts consists in its intension so we should devote more to them.
The best gift I’ve ever received is a book from my English teacher，Debbie，which she bought for me when she returned from her holiday. The book’s name is Chicken Soup for the Teenage Soul. I value this book as it shows me how to keep the balance of friendship in a positive way. Additionally，I must be grateful to her for her care about me seeing that she found me at a loss while associating with friends. Since I read it，I have been so inspired that I balanced myself in life and study.
However small the gift is，it is the offer’s attitude and intention that we should value most.
Looking forward to your attention and reply.
Yours，
Li Hua
短短一篇例文，其中可包含多种状语从句。学得深入才可以用得灵活。语法项目不是孤立的，对任何一点的精进都可以增加我们对语言掌握的精准度，使我们更深入地了解语言本身以及语法的实用性和价值。掌握好各种语法和句型结构对增强写作能力有举足轻重的作用。
近三年主要侧重对时间状语、条件状语、让步状语从句的考查，原因状语、目的状语、地点状语从句也涉及一二。因此备考时同学们务必牢记九大类状语从句中的重点引导词（黑体字）及其含义和结构。
1. 时间：before（“要不了多久就……”；“要过多久才”；”还没来得及……就”），since（考查时态），until（“直到……才”），as soon as，no sooner ... than，hardly/scarcely ... when（一……就），be about to do ... when （正准备……突然），once（一旦），when，whenever，till，after，immediately，instantly，the moment，every/each time等；
2. 条件：unless（除非），as long as/so long as（只要），in case（以防，万一），if，providing/provided （that），suppose/supposing （that）等；
3. 让步：while（然而），though，although，as（考查倒装），even if/though（尽管，即使），whether，however，whatever，whoever ...等；
4. 原因：since（既然，因为），now （that）（既然），because，as，seeing （that）等；
5. 目的so that，in case/for fear （that）/lest（以免）so，in order that等；
6. 结果：so ... that，such ... that，such that，so that等；
7. 地点：where，wherever等；
8. 方式：as，as if，as though等；
9. 比较：as ... as，the same as，more than ...，no more than，such ... as ...等。
这么繁杂的引导词怎么记忆？笔者以为：一要侧重常考、易错考点，有目标才高效；二要善思考，思考考点意图，有的放矢；三要勤练习，实践出真知。
先看短文改错：
（2012年高考辽宁卷） In the end，we drove to a service station and waited there unless the road was clear. （unless→until）
（2012全国卷2） To deal with a problem，I think，we should first go all out to plant trees though trees will help save water. （though→since/because/as）
（2013年高考新课标I卷）He even scared my classmates away during they came over to play or do homework with me. （during→when）
再看语法填空：
（2014年高考上海卷）... I believe that （27） as long as I was offered a good position，I would resign at once ... （考查“条件关系”）
（2015年高考上海卷） The first parking space I found was convenient， but I’d noticed a woman in a blue car circling for a while. （25） because/since/as I was in a good mood，I let her have it。（考查“因果关系”）
全国卷怎么考状语从句？考查的都是“逻辑关系”和“意义”。当然不排除直接考结构如hardly ... when/it won’t be long before/not ... until或者考查时态语态。在完形填空中的考查也是如此——无外乎结构和含义。只要在记忆的基础上加之稍许判断就能得分。
实战演练
改错
1. I had hardly got to the office than my wife phone me to go back home at once.
2. When asking for his views about his teaching job， Philip said he found it very interesting and rewarding.
3. Hot although the night air was， we slept deeply because we were so tired after the long journey.
4. A number of high buildings have arisen when there was nothing a year ago but ruins. 5. Leave your key with your neighbor in case of you lock yourself out one day.
6. The police officers in our city work hard in order the rest of us can live a safe life.
7. One Friday， we were packing to leave for a weekend away while my daughter heard cries for help.
8. It was April 29， 2001 that Prince William and Kate Middleton walked into the palace hall of the wedding ceremony.
9. As it reported， it is 100 years after Qinghua University was founded.
10. Since all of them are strong candidates， only one will be chosen for the post.
参考答案 1. than→when 2. asking→asked 3. although→as 4. when→where 5. 去掉of 6. in order后加that 7. while→when 8. that→when 9. after→since 10. Since→While
语法填空
The Million Pound Bank Note
When sailing home， Henry， an American businessman found himself 1 （carry） out to sea by a strong wind. He was spotted by a ship 2 he was about to give himself up， 3 he landed in London by accident. Hungry and alone， he walked on the streets of the city 4 he was unexpectedly called into a mansion， where two rich brothers， Oliver and Roderick， gave him a letter and told him not to open it 5 it turned two o’clock of the day. Not 6 （know） it was a million pound bank note， Henry left the mansion and went into a cheap restaurant to stuff himself. Everybody was rude to him 7 he was in rags and looked depressed. Then to the surprise of everybody， he handed the owner a million pound bank note 8 （pay） for the meal.
9 seeing the note， all the people in the restaurant became polite and tried their best to please Henry. Don’t you think it’s the 10 incredible tale in the world？
参考答案 1. carried 2. when 3. so 4. when 5. until 6. knowing 7. because 8. to pay 9. On 10. most
写 作
（2014年高考重庆卷） 青少年研究专家Susan Beacham在自己的英文网站上开辟专栏，邀请大家分享心目中的“最好礼物”。她认为，礼物贵在心意，应为之付出时间和精力。
假设你是李华，请用英文发帖，内容应包括：
1. 赞同Susan的看法；2. 你收到或送出的最好的物是什么；3. 该礼物的意义；4. 期待大家回复；5. 开头已给出。
I am a high school student from China，I am quite for your opinion about the best gifts：the value of gifts consists in its intension so we should devote more to them.
The best gift I’ve ever received is a book from my English teacher，Debbie，which she bought for me when she returned from her holiday. The book’s name is Chicken Soup for the Teenage Soul. I value this book as it shows me how to keep the balance of friendship in a positive way. Additionally，I must be grateful to her for her care about me seeing that she found me at a loss while associating with friends. Since I read it，I have been so inspired that I balanced myself in life and study.
However small the gift is，it is the offer’s attitude and intention that we should value most.
Looking forward to your attention and reply.
Yours，
Li Hua
短短一篇例文，其中可包含多种状语从句。学得深入才可以用得灵活。语法项目不是孤立的，对任何一点的精进都可以增加我们对语言掌握的精准度，使我们更深入地了解语言本身以及语法的实用性和价值。掌握好各种语法和句型结构对增强写作能力有举足轻重的作用。