论文部分内容阅读
1975年中国确定了“预防为主,综合防治”的植物保护方针,在各稻区对水稻害虫综合防治的研究示范工怍蓬勃发展,1983年广东等七省市综合防治面积达11,740,000亩,1984年达59,000,000亩。综合防治的策略是“从生态学、经济学和环境保护学的观点出发,协调使用三项技术措施,即以农业防治为基础、合理使用化学农药,保护利用自然天敌,达到提高经济效益、生态效益和社会效益的目的。”综合防治区主要害虫为害率下降,粮食增产,农药用量减少三分之一左右,千斤稻谷防治成本减少四分之一到三分之一。稻田中天敌数量显著增加,对害虫种群增长起关键性控制作用。农药残留量低于国家允许标准。综合防治有利于建立少公害或无公害的稻田生态系统,对环境起积极的保护作用。
In 1975, China established a plant protection policy of “prevention first and comprehensive prevention and control”. In all paddy areas, research and demonstration projects on integrated pest management have been booming. In 1983, the comprehensive prevention and control of seven provinces and municipalities in Guangdong reached 11,740,000 mu Year reached 59,000,000 acres. The strategy of integrated prevention and control is: “From the perspectives of ecology, economics and environmental protection, we should coordinate the use of three technical measures, that is, based on agricultural control and prevention, rational use of chemical pesticides, protection and utilization of natural enemies, improvement of economic efficiency and ecology Efficiency and social benefits. ”The rate of damage to major pests in integrated prevention and control areas will drop, the grain yield will increase, the dosage of pesticides will be reduced by about one third, and the cost of preventing and controlling jin rice will be reduced by one quarter to one third. The number of natural enemies in paddy fields increased significantly, which played a key role in controlling pest population growth. Pesticide residues below the national allowable standards. Integrated prevention and control is conducive to the establishment of less polluting or pollution-free rice paddy ecosystems, the environment has a positive protective effect.