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在硫酸盐水合物催化下,乙酸和乙醇间的酯化反应级数是2级.以Fe_2(SO_4)_3·7H_2O作催化剂时测得五种取代乙酸和乙醇反应的活化能.本文提出一种新的衡量催化剂活性的指标Y_m值概念,并根据Y_m大小确定了八种硫酸盐水合物的催化活性.Y_m与硫酸盐中金属离子的第二电离势P和离子半径r之间的线性关系可表示为:Y_m=α(P/r)+b.
Under the catalysis of sulfate hydrate, the order of esterification reaction between acetic acid and ethanol is 2. The activation energy of the reactions of five substituted acetic acids and ethanol is measured when Fe_2 (SO_4) _3 · 7H_2O is used as catalyst. The new concept of Y_m, a measure of catalyst activity, is based on the size of Y_m and the catalytic activity of eight sulfate hydrates is determined. The linear relationship between Y_m and the second ionization potential P and ionic radius r of metal ions in sulfate can be Expressed as: Y_m = α (P / r) + b.