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导言大跨度结构一直强烈地吸引着建筑师们和工程师们。穹顶给大面积覆盖屋顶提供了一个简易的和经济的办法,常常被那些了解它的优越性并为它的结构美所倾倒的设计者们所采用。穹顶用于建筑可溯源于很早的时期。在Ninevch(公元前705～681年)Senna—cheribbo宫殿的废墟上曾找到过亚述人的浅浮雕,上面显示了一组被认定为带有半圆形和尖形穹顶屋盖的建筑群,这也许是穹顶应用最早的记载了。穹顶的发展与实用材料的发展密切相关。在古代,穹顶曾用石头建造;后来砖砌逐渐取代了石砌。到了中世纪,木材成了用于铺盖屋顶的主要材料。这
The introduction of the long-span structure has been a strong attraction to architects and engineers. The dome provides a simple and economical way to cover large areas of roofs, and is often used by designers who understand its superiority and overwhelm its structural beauty. The use of domes for architecture can be traced back to a very early period. In the ruins of the Senna-Cheribbo Palace in Ninevch (705-681 BC), Assyrian bas-reliefs were found, showing a group of buildings identified as semicircular and pointed dome roofs. This may be the earliest recorded application of the dome. The development of domes is closely related to the development of practical materials. In ancient times, the dome had been built with stones; then the bricks gradually replaced the stone. In the Middle Ages, wood became the main material for covering roofs. This