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目的了解唐山市无偿献血人群抗-HIV感染情况及人群特征,为HIV预防及完善无偿献血招募工作提供参考。方法回顾分析2010年1月—2015年12月唐山市无偿献血人群抗-HIV筛查及确证情况,对HIV感染者流行病学资料进行统计学分析。血样HIV抗体筛查检测采用酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA),呈阳性的血样采用Western蛋白免疫印迹(WB)法进行确证检测。结果 2010年1月—2015年12月唐山市无偿献血人群HIV感染率为1.177/万(62/526 622),年龄以31~40岁为主,男性感染率高于女性,献血首次者感染率高于≥2次者,初中及以下学历者感染率明显高于高中、大专及以上学历者。62例抗-HIV阳性血液标本的WB带型中,以gpl60、gpl20、gp41、p66、p51、p31、p24条带为主,出现率均在90%以上。以合并TP感染的最多,占13.75%(11/62)。结论近年来唐山市HIV阳性率有所增加,不同人群HIV阳性率明显不同,以文化程度低的中青年男性为主,应加强献血前的健康询问和献血者的自我排查,建立固定无偿献血队伍,以保证血液质量安全。
Objective To understand the anti-HIV infection and population characteristics of blood donors in Tangshan City, and to provide reference for HIV prevention and improvement of voluntary blood donation. Methods The anti-HIV screening and confirmation of unpaid blood donors in Tangshan from January 2010 to December 2015 were retrospectively analyzed. Epidemiological data of HIV infected persons were analyzed statistically. Blood samples for HIV antibody screening using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), positive blood samples by Western blotting (WB) method to confirm the test. Results The prevalence of HIV infection among unpaid blood donors from January 2010 to December 2015 in Tangshan was 1.177 / (62/526 622). The age was mainly from 31 to 40 years. The prevalence of male infection was higher than that of female. The infection rate of first-time donors Higher than 2 times, junior high school and below education was significantly higher than the infection rate of high school, college education and above. Among the 62 cases of anti-HIV positive blood samples, the bands of gpl60, gpl20, gp41, p66, p51, p31 and p24 were dominant, and the incidence rates were all above 90%. The most common infection with TP, accounting for 13.75% (11/62). Conclusion In recent years, the HIV positive rate in Tangshan City has increased. The positive rate of HIV in different populations is obviously different. The young and middle-aged men with low education level should be the mainstay. Before the blood donation, the healthy interrogation should be strengthened and the blood donors’ self- , To ensure the quality and safety of blood.