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目的分析鄂尔多斯市2015年手足口病病原学监测结果,探寻手足口病流行特点和变化规律,为预防和控制手足口病提供有力依据。方法采取real-time PCR法对手足口病咽拭子监测样本进行肠道病毒通用型EV-U、CA16型和EV71型核酸检测分析。结果 304例手足口病咽拭子监测样本中,EV-U阳性率为35.53%(108/304),其中CA16型、EV71型和肠道病毒其他亚型核酸阳性率分别为30.56%(33/108)、9.26%(10/108)和60.19%(65/108);手足口病发病高峰为5月-7月(75.93%);发病人群以1岁~3岁婴幼儿为主(62.96%);男、女性别比为1.40∶1;鄂托克旗和杭锦旗的发病率较高,分别为56.00%和53.13%。结论鄂尔多斯市2015年手足口病主要以肠道病毒其他亚型为主,夏季是高发期,婴幼儿为高危人群,男性感染比例略大。今后应加强对3岁以下婴幼儿的监测管理和预防教育。
Objective To analyze the monitoring results of 2015 hand-foot-mouth disease etiopathogenisis in Erdos and explore the epidemiological characteristics and changes of hand-foot-mouth disease to provide a strong evidence for the prevention and control of hand-foot-mouth disease. Methods The real-time PCR method was used to detect the EV-U, CA16 and EV71 nucleic acids of enterovirus in throat swabs of HFMD. Results The positive rate of EV-U in the throat swab samples from 304 HFMD patients was 35.53% (108/304). The positive rates of CA16, EV71 and other subtypes of enterovirus were 30.56% (33 / 108), 9.26% (10/108) and 60.19% (65/108), respectively. The incidence of hand-foot-mouth disease was from May to July (75.93% ); Male and female ratio was 1.40: 1; the incidence of Etuokeqi and Hangjinqi were higher, 56.00% and 53.13% respectively. Conclusion Hand-foot-mouth disease in Erdos was mainly dominated by other subtypes of enterovirus in Ordos in the summer. It was a high incidence period in summer. Infants and young children were at high risk. The proportion of male infections was slightly larger. In the future, we should strengthen the monitoring, management and prevention of infants under 3 years of age.