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桑干河是永定河的最大支流,发源于管涔山东麓,自西向东流,于怀来盆地与大洋河汇合,注入官厅水库。由于受地质构造的控制和新构造运动差异性抬升作用,沿桑干河中下游河谷,从西往东形成了盆地与峡谷相间,依次为阳原盆地、桑干河峡谷和怀来盆地。桑干河峡谷区是华北泥石流活跃地区之一。1984年我们对大同—秦皇岛铁路的阳原至涿鹿段桑干河沿岸的21条泥石流沟进行了调查,其分布和成因分析如下。
Sanggan River is the largest tributary of the Yongding River, originated in Guanluo Mountain foothills, flows from west to east, converges to the Oceanic River in Huailai Basin and injects into the Guanting Reservoir. Due to the control of geological structure and the differential uplift of neotectonic movement, basins and canyons are formed along the middle and lower reaches of the Sanggan River from west to east, followed by Yangyuan, Sangganhe and Huailai basins. Sanggan River Valley area is one of the active areas of debris flow in North China. In 1984, we conducted a survey of 21 debris flow ditches along the Sanggan River between Datong-Qinhuangdao Railway and Yangyuan-Zhuerlu Section of the Qinhuangdao Railway. The distribution and causes are as follows.