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为了探讨环渤海地区海冰水灌溉技术,于2008年采用微区试验,研究了海冰水不同盐分浓度(1、3、5、7、9g/L)和不同灌溉次数对土壤水分及棉花产量的影响。结果表明,采用海冰水灌溉能明显提高土壤水分含量,尤其以播种前灌溉和苗期灌溉效果最佳,当每次灌溉量为450m3/hm2时,与不灌溉相比,土壤含水率增幅为22.85%～31.32%,可以有效缓解棉田春季旱情。不同处理的棉花,以盐分质量浓度1g/L海冰水、灌溉3次的处理的产量、平均果枝数以及单颗棉桃质量3项指标均为最高,比不灌溉处理增产38.63%;其次为盐分质量浓度3g/L海冰水灌溉2次的处理,增产率为29.8%。随灌溉水矿化度增加,产量呈现递减趋势,盐分质量浓度为9g/L、灌溉3次的处理与不灌溉处理相比出现显著减产,减产率为28.48%。综合考虑海冰水长期灌溉效应及海冰脱盐技术,建议采用盐分质量浓度3g/L海冰水进行棉田灌溉,降雨正常年份以播种前和苗期2次灌溉为宜,每次灌水量450m3/hm2,并要注意配合必要的灌溉和排水措施。
In order to discuss the technology of sea ice water irrigation in the Bohai Sea region, the micro-region experiment was conducted in 2008 to study the effect of seawater ice with different salt concentrations (1, 3, 5, 7, 9 g / L) and different irrigation times on soil moisture and cotton yield Impact. The results showed that using sea ice water irrigation can significantly improve soil moisture content, especially in the pre-sowing irrigation and seedling irrigation best effect, when the amount of irrigation for each 450m3 / hm2, compared with no irrigation, soil moisture increased by 22.85% ~ 31.32%, which can effectively relieve cotton spring drought. The yield, the average number of fruit branches and the quality of single cotton bolls of the three treatments with the salt concentration of 1 g / L seawater were the highest, which increased 38.63% than the non-irrigated treatments, followed by the salt The concentration of 3g / L sea ice water irrigation 2 times the treatment, the yield was 29.8%. As the salinity of irrigation water increased, the yield showed a decreasing trend. The salinity mass concentration was 9g / L. Compared with the non-irrigated treatment, the yield decreased by 3 times and the yield reduction rate was 28.48%. Considering long-term irrigation effect of sea ice and desalination technology of sea ice, it is recommended to use 3 g / L seawater ice for irrigation of cotton field. In normal years of rainfall, it is advisable to use 2 irrigation before sowing and seedling stage, each time irrigation is 450m3 / hm2, and pay attention to the necessary irrigation and drainage measures.