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1920年底,苏维埃俄国经过三年的浴血奋战,终于击退外国武装干涉者,取得国内战争的胜利,“给自己取得了独立生存的权利”。在1921年初开始转向和平建设时,国民经济已遭到严重破坏,人民生活艰难困苦。面对严重的经济危机和政治危机,列宁深感“战时共产主义政策”极大的挫伤了农民的生产积极性,严重影响到国民经济的恢复和发展,于是果断做出改行新经济政策的重大决策。
At the end of 1920, after three years of bloody fighting, the Soviet Russia finally repelled the foreign armed interventions and won the victory of the civil war and “gave itself the right to independent existence.” At the beginning of the transition to peacebuilding in early 1921, the national economy was severely damaged and people’s livelihood was hard and bitter. In the face of the grave economic and political crises, Lenin deeply felt that “wartime communist policies” greatly dampened the enthusiasm of peasants in production and seriously affected the recovery and development of the national economy. Therefore, Lenin made a decisive move to reform the new economic policies Major decisions.