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目的探讨广州地区儿童哮喘的危险因素。方法从广州市海珠区、白云区和花都区8所小学7635名儿童中筛选出哮喘病患,按性别和年龄1∶1配对选取健康对照。通过家长问卷调查儿童家庭的社会经济特征、父母过敏和哮喘史及室内环境等因素。结果 Logistic回归分析显示,父亲、母亲有过敏史的儿童哮喘患病风险显著高于对照组,其OR值分别为5.05(95%CI:1.37～18.65)和5.38(95%CI:1.23～23.54),儿童自身过敏史与哮喘之间呈显著关联(OR=5.58,95%CI:1.53～20.36),室内新家具可显著增加儿童哮喘的患病风险(OR=6.42,95%CI:1.13～36.62)。结论父母过敏性疾病史、儿童自身过敏史和室内新家具是儿童哮喘的重要危险因素。
Objective To explore the risk factors of asthma in children in Guangzhou. Methods A total of 7635 children from 8 primary schools in Haizhu District, Baiyun District and Huadu District of Guangzhou City were screened for asthma. The healthy controls were selected by sex and age 1: 1 pairs. Through the parents questionnaire survey of children’s socio-economic characteristics, parents allergy and asthma history and indoor environment and other factors. Results Logistic regression analysis showed that the risk of asthma in children with a history of allergy to father and mother was significantly higher than that of the control group (OR = 5.05, 95% CI: 1.37-18.65) and 5.38 (95% CI, 1.23-23.54) (OR = 5.58, 95% CI: 1.53 ~ 20.36). The new furniture indoors could significantly increase the risk of childhood asthma (OR = 6.42, 95% CI: 1.13 ~ 36.62 ). Conclusion The history of allergic diseases in parents, childhood allergies and new indoor furniture are important risk factors for childhood asthma.