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20世纪60年代起,欧美学者对19世纪以来民俗学研究的许多观念进行了反思。这种反思主要集中在口头传统研究的几个关键问题上:口传文学的创作与表演、作者与文本、传统与创新、口传文学的文本记录与现代民俗学田野工作的科学理念、民俗学文本与文化语境的关联、关于口传文学的价值判断、口传文学与书面文学的双向互动、口头传承、书写传统和电子传媒的传播学意义等。人们对这些问题的反思是跨学科的。这种反思不仅揭示了以往的认识误区,更预示了新的学科走向。
Since the 1960s, many scholars in Europe and the United States have rethought many concepts of folklore studies since the 19th century. This reflection mainly focuses on several key issues of oral traditional research: the creation and performance of oral literature, the author and the text, tradition and innovation, the textual recording of oral literature and the scientific concept of modern folklore fieldwork, the folklore text and Cultural context, judgments on the value of oral literature, two-way interaction between oral literature and written literature, oral tradition, writing tradition and the significance of the spread of electronic media. Reflections on these issues are interdisciplinary. This reflection not only reveals the misunderstandings in the past, but also indicates the new direction of the discipline.