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目的了解深圳市轻症手足口病患者发病危险因素,为今后控制手足口病提供科学依据。方法采用病例-对照研究方法,在深圳市两家区级医院选择经临床确诊的309例轻症手足口病患者,并按年龄、性别频数匹配选择前往该区接种点接种疫苗的538名对照儿童,采用单因素分析和多因素Logistic回归分析轻症手足口病的主要危险因素。结果单因素分析和多因素Logistic回归分析显示托幼儿童(OR=4.2,1.9~8.8)、非小区住宅儿童(OR=3.8,2.1~7.1)、有手足口病病例接触史(OR=11.3,4.7~27.1)、有手足口病史(OR=18.1,7.3~45.1)、近10 d内有医院就医史(因其他疾病)(OR=4.4,2.0~9.7)、居住环境差为手足口病发病危险因素(OR=7.0,2.4~19.8)。结论手足口病影响因素众多,避免与手足口病患儿接触、培养儿童良好的生活和卫生习惯、强化医院预检分诊、严格执行托幼机构晨午检制度,以及增强家长卫生保健意识是预防手足口病的关键。
Objective To understand the risk factors of HFMD in Shenzhen and to provide a scientific basis for the future control of HFMD. Methods A case-control study was conducted in 309 clinically diagnosed mild to moderate hand-foot-mouth disease patients at two district-level hospitals in Shenzhen. 538 children who were vaccinated at the vaccination sites in the district were matched by age and sex frequency , Using univariate analysis and multivariate Logistic regression analysis of the main risk factors for mild hand-foot-mouth disease. Results Univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that children with TOH children (OR = 4.2,1.9 ~ 8.8) and non-residential children (OR = 3.8,2.1 ~ 7.1) 4.7 ~ 27.1), history of hand-foot-mouth disease (OR = 18.1,7.3-45.1), medical history of hospital (due to other diseases) in the past 10 days (OR = 4.4,2.0-9.7) Risk factors (OR = 7.0,2.4 ~ 19.8). Conclusion HFMD is affected by many factors, avoiding contact with children with hand-foot-mouth disease, developing good living and hygiene habits among children, strengthening the pre-screening and triage of hospitals, strictly enforcing the early morning nurse screening system and enhancing awareness of parental health care The key to preventing hand-foot-mouth disease.