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摩擦焊是利用金属焊接表面摩擦生热的原理来加热焊接区的一种热压焊接方法。在国外,摩擦焊接已经得到了广泛的应用,并且主要是应用於汽车拖拉机制造业中。我国是研究摩擦焊接最早的国家之一。但是,由于设备等原因,发展不快。目前,由于有了正式生产摩擦焊机的专业生产厂家,所以给摩擦焊的大量推广和应用提供了有利的条件。普通的连续驱动式摩擦焊接的工作原理如图1所示。工件1夹持在可以高速旋转的夹具上。焊接开始时,工件1首先以高速旋转,然后,工件2向工件1的方向移动,並施加一定的轴向压力,即摩擦压力。这时,摩擦加热过程就开始了。当通过一段选定的摩擦时间或达到规定的摩擦变形量(即工件2的轴向位移量)后,立即停止工件1的转动,同时对接头施加较大的轴向压力,即顶锻压力。
Friction welding is the use of metal welding surface friction heat generation to heat the welding zone a hot-pressing welding method. Abroad, friction welding has been widely used, and is mainly used in automobile tractor manufacturing. China is one of the earliest countries to study friction welding. However, due to equipment and other reasons, the development is not fast. At present, due to the official production of friction welding machine manufacturer, so to a large number of promotion and application of friction welding provided favorable conditions. Ordinary continuous drive friction welding works as shown in Figure 1. Workpiece 1 is held on a jig that can be rotated at a high speed. When the welding starts, the workpiece 1 first rotates at a high speed, and then the workpiece 2 moves in the direction of the workpiece 1 and applies a certain axial pressure, that is, the friction pressure. At this moment, the friction heating process begins. After a selected friction time or a specified amount of frictional deformation (ie, the axial displacement of the workpiece 2), the rotation of the workpiece 1 is stopped immediately and a large axial pressure, ie, upset pressure, is applied to the joint.