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目的探讨老年慢性病人的抑郁与消极应对干预效果,为心理卫生服务提供目标依据。方法对50例老年慢性病人的抑郁与消极应对进行了为期1a的心理干预,采用老年抑郁量表(GDS)和应对方式问卷(WCS)对研究对象的干预效果进行自身对照测评。结果干预前GDS得分较高,为(20.93±1.90)分,干预6个月为(17.88±1.80)分,干预1a后为(11.80±1.60)分,与干预前比较,差别有统计学意义(P<0.001)。WCS测评结果显示,干预前应对方式以退避、幻想、自责运用次数较多,分别为(4.7±2.4)次、(5.3±2.2)次、(4.7±2.2)次;干预6个月时分别为(5.3±2.1)次、(4.8±1.8)次、(4.1±2.0)次,与干预前比较,差别无统计学意义(均P>0.05);干预1a后,运用解决问题、求助等积极的应对方式次数比干预前增多,而退避、幻想、自责运用次数减少,与干预前比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论心理干预可有效提高患者心理健康水平,改善患者的应对方式。
Objective To investigate the effects of depression and negative coping in elderly chronic patients and to provide the basis for mental health services. Methods Fifty elderly patients with chronic depression and negative coping were intervened for a period of one year. The GDS and WCS were used to evaluate the effects of the intervention. Results The scores of GDS before intervention were (20.93 ± 1.90) points, (17.88 ± 1.80) points after intervention for 6 months and (11.80 ± 1.60) points after intervention. Compared with those before intervention, the difference was statistically significant ( P <0.001). The results of WCS evaluation showed that the number of coping styles before retreatment was retreating, fantasy and self-reproach were (4.7 ± 2.4) times, (5.3 ± 2.2) times and (4.7 ± 2.2) times respectively. When intervention was 6 months (5.3 ± 2.1), (4.8 ± 1.8) and (4.1 ± 2.0) times, respectively, and there was no significant difference between before and after intervention (all P> 0.05). After intervention for 1a, The number of coping ways increased more than before intervention, while the number of retreat, fantasy and self-reproach decreased, compared with before intervention, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.01). Conclusion Psychological intervention can effectively improve the mental health of patients and improve the coping style of patients.