论文部分内容阅读
目的:比较体重≤15 kg与体重>15 kg的儿童供者单供儿童受者肾移植的效果。方法:回顾性分析2010年8月至2019年12月郑州大学第一附属医院肾移植科实施的156例儿童单供肾移植患儿的临床资料。按照儿童供者体重大小分为两组，体重≤15 kg的儿童供者对应单供儿童受者为小肾组，体重>15 kg的儿童供者对应的单供儿童受者为大肾组。小肾组89例，大肾组67例，供肾分别源于46例体重≤15 kg和48例体重>15 kg的儿童供者。小肾组与大肾组供者的年龄[1.00(0.02～4.00)岁与10.00(3.00～18.00)岁]、体重[10.0(3.4～15.0)kg与35.0(16.2～56)kg]、身高[76(50～113)cm与144(67～172)cm]、肾小球滤过率[(31.50±7.46)ml/min与(36.79±7.00)ml/min]、供肾长径[(5.91±0.48)cm与(8.71±1.88)cm]差异均有统计学意义(n P0.05)。小肾组与大肾组受者年龄[(11.28±3.89)岁与(13.86±3.56)岁]、身高[(130.02±28.56)cm与(143.97±16.59)cm]、体重[(31.83±10.45)kg与(35.13±9.15)kg]差异均有统计学意义(n P0.05)。比较两组受者术后肾功能恢复情况、不良事件、患儿及移植肾存活情况。n 结果:两组患儿术后3个月肾功能均恢复正常。小肾组与大肾组围手术期并发症主要有肾功能延迟恢复[5.6%(5/89)与7.5%(5/67)，n P＝0.89]、移植肾血管栓塞[3.4%(3/89)与0，n P＝0.35]和急性排斥反应[2.2%(2/89)与4.3%(3/67)，n P＝0.75]，两组差异均无统计学意义。小肾组术后平均随访30(3～74)个月，术后1、3、5年患儿存活率分别为96.6%(86/89)、91.0%(81/89)、91.0%(81/89)，移植肾存活率分别为92.1%(82/89)、86.5%(77/89)、84.2%(75/89)；大肾组术后平均随访32(4～89)个月，术后1、3、5年患儿存活率分别为95.5%(64/67)、94.0%(63/67)、91.0%(61/67)，移植肾存活率分别为92.5%(62/67)、83.6%(56/67) 、83.6%(56/67)，两组差异均无统计学意义(n P>0.05)。小肾组和大肾组术后移植肾均快速生长，1年后移植肾长径[(9.63±0.31)cm与(9.75±0.71)cm]差异无统计学意义(n P>0.05)。n 结论:体重≤15 kg儿童供者单供儿童受者肾移植效果与体重>15 kg儿童单供肾移植效果相当，可在临床开展。“,”Objective:To compare the efficacy of single kidney transplantation for children from pediatric donors between body weight ≤15 kg and >15 kg.Methods:A retrospective review in 156 children with single donor kidney transplantation from August 2010 to December 2019 in the Kidney Transplantation Department of the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University was conducted. The patients were classified into the small kidney group (pediatric donor body weight ≤15 kg) and the big kidney group (pediatric donor body weight >15 kg). In this study, 89 cases were concluded in the small kidney group and 67 cases were concluded in the big kidney group. The donor kidneys were obtained from 46 cases of small weight (≤15 kg) pediatric donors and 48 cases of large weight (>15 kg) pediatric donors. There were significant differences in age [1.00 (0.02 - 4.00) years vs. 10.00 (3.00-18.00) years], body weight [10.0 (3.4 - 15.0) kg vs. 35.0 (16.2- 35.0) kg], height [76 (50- 113) cm vs. 144 (67-172) cm], GFR [(31.50±7.46)ml/min vs. (36.79±7.00) ml/min], and renal length to diameter [(5.91±0.48) cm vs. (8.71±1.88) cm] between the small kidney group and the big kidney group ( n P 0.05). There were significant differences in age [(11.28±3.89) years vs. (13.86±3.56) years], body weight [(31.83±10.45)kg vs. (35.13±9.15) kg], and height [(130.02±28.56) cm vs. (143.97±16.59) cm] between recipients of the small kidney group and big kidney group (n P 0.05). The recovery of renal function, postoperative adverse events, postoperative children, and graft survival were compared between the two groups.n Results:The renal function of the two groups of recipients returned to normal 3 months after operation. The perioperative complications in the small kidney group and the big kidney group mainly included renal delayed recovery [5.6% (5/89) vs. 7.5% (5/67), n P=0.89], renal vascular embolization [3.4% (3/89) vs. 0, n P=0.35], and acute rejection [2.2% (2/89) vs. 4.3% (3/67) , n P=0.75]. The main cause of recipient death during the follow-up period was pulmonary infection [4.5% (4/89) vs. 6.0% (4/67) , n P=0.68]. The postoperative small kidney group was followed up for an average of 30 (3-74) months. The survival rates of children in the small kidney group at the 1, 3 and 5 years after surgery were 96.6% (86/89), 91.0% (81/89) and 91.0%(81/89), while the transplanted renal survival rates were 92.1% (82/89), 86.5% (77/89) and 84.2% (75/89), respectively. The postoperative big kidney group was followed up for an average of 32 (4-89 ) months. The survival rates of children in the big kidney group were 95.5% (64/67), 94.0% (63/67) and 91.0%(61/67) in the first 1, 3 and 5 years postoperatively, while the graft survival rates were 92.5% (62/67), 83.6% (56/67) and 83.6% (56/67), respectively. The postoperative kidneys of two groups were fast-growing, and there was no significant difference between the small kidney group and the big kidney group in graft length to diameter [(9.63±0.31) cm vs. (9.75±0.71) cm] after 1 year (n P>0.05).n Conclusions:The effect of single pediatric kidney transplantation for pediatric donor with body weight ≤15 kg is equivalent to that for pediatric donor with body weight >15 kg , which can be carried out clinically.