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为研究冀中南地区冬小麦-夏玉米一年两熟种植制度下农田2 m土体含水量和储水量的周年变化规律,在自然生产条件下对轮作期2 m土体水分含量变化进行了分析。结果表明:小麦季与玉米季的2 m土体总储水量变化不同,其中,小麦季属于利用消耗期(亏损111.8 mm),玉米季属于蓄水增墒期(盈余111.8 mm),但轮作周年内土壤水分实现了亏盈平衡。小麦对土壤水利用得不充分,尤其是对深层土壤水的利用率很低,小麦收获后(土壤储水的低谷)2 m土体仍有存水397.3 mm,其中可利用的有效土壤水为90~147 mm,150~200 cm土层含水量仍达16%以上。因此,小麦季应采取“旱胁迫”栽培技术,充分利用深层墒,提高对土壤水的利用率。
In order to study the annual variation law of soil moisture content and water storage capacity of farmland 2 m under winter wheat-summer maize cropping system in Jizhong South area, the change of soil moisture content under 2 m soil rotation during natural rotation was analyzed. The results showed that the total water storage of 2 m soil varied with wheat season and corn season. Among them, the wheat season belonged to the utilization period (loss of 111.8 mm), and the corn season belonged to the period of water storage and increase of water (111.8 mm surplus) Within the soil moisture to achieve a deficit balance. Wheat is inadequate for soil water use, especially for deep soil water. After harvesting (low soil water storage), the remaining 2 m of soil still contains 397.3 mm of water, of which the effective available soil water is The water content of 90 ~ 147 mm and 150 ~ 200 cm soil layers still reached 16%. Therefore, the wheat season should take “drought stress ” cultivation techniques, make full use of deep soil moisture, improve soil water utilization.