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油气化探技术的理论基础是烃类的垂向微运移，这种运移是指深部油气藏的烃类可以通过盖层及其上部地层运移到近地表，形成用现代高精度仪器足以检测到的与背景有显著差异的化探异常。以鄂尔多斯盆地某油气开发区实测化探资料为基础，论述烃类自油气藏垂向微运移至地表的证据，探讨由烃类垂向微运移引起的近地表地球化学效应，并建立有效的判别模式，应用于研究区化探异常的含油气性预测，取得了较为明显的地质效果，在化探异常范围内多口井钻获商业油流，证明深入研究地表地球化学异常特征，可以为油气钻探提供有价值的依据。
The theoretical basis of oil and gas geochemical exploration is the vertical micro-migration of hydrocarbons. The migration means that the hydrocarbons in the deep reservoirs can be transported to the near surface through the cap rock and the upper strata, and the formation of modern high-precision instruments is sufficient Geochemical anomalies detected that are significantly different from the background. Based on the measured geochemical data in an oil and gas development zone in the Ordos Basin, this paper discusses the evidence of vertical micro-migration of hydrocarbons from the oil and gas reservoirs to the surface and discusses the near-surface geochemical effects caused by the vertical micro-migration of hydrocarbons and establishes an effective , Which is applied to the prediction of geochemical anomalies in oil and gas in the study area and has obtained obvious geological effects. Commercial oil flow is drilled in many wells within the scope of geochemical anomalies, proving that the in-depth study of surface geochemical anomalies can Provide a valuable basis for oil and gas drilling.