血管内皮细胞(vascular endothelial cell,VEC)是衬于血管内表面的单层扁平上皮细胞,是血液与组织的之间的重要屏障。它在调节炎症反应,血栓形成,内皮细胞介导的血管舒张,内皮再生等病理生理过程中起关键作用,这些过程受到多种复杂机制的调控。随着人们对于血管内皮细胞功能研究的深入,micro RNA在内皮细胞发挥其功能时的调控作用受到越来越多的关注。多种micro RNA可在转录后水平调控基因表达,影响内皮细胞的功能,本文对micro RNA在内皮细胞炎症反应、血栓形成、血管舒张、内皮再生功能的调节机制进行综述。 Vascular endothelial cells (VECs) are monolayers of flat epithelial cells lining the inner surface of blood vessels and are an important barrier between blood and tissue. It plays a key role in the pathophysiological processes such as inflammatory response, thrombosis, endothelial cell-mediated vasodilation and endothelial regeneration. These processes are regulated by a variety of complex mechanisms. With the further research on the function of vascular endothelial cells, more and more attentions have been paid to the regulation of microRNAs when endothelial cells exert their function. A variety of micro RNAs can regulate the gene expression at the post-transcriptional level and affect the function of endothelial cells. In this paper, the regulatory mechanisms of microRNAs on endothelial cell inflammation, thrombosis, vasodilation, and endothelial regeneration are reviewed.