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Burkitt淋巴瘤(BL)为儿童时期最常见淋巴瘤，占非霍奇金淋巴瘤(NHL)的30%～40%。近年，随着短疗程、高强度化疗方案应用于BL患儿的治疗，其预后显著改善，但是仍有少部分患儿于治疗中发生疾病进展或复发，并且复发/难治性BL患儿的预后极差。目前，国内外对于复发/难治性BL尚无有效、统一的治疗方案。笔者拟对BL的发病机制、儿童BL复发的影响因素、复发/难治性儿童BL的耐药机制及治疗策略等方面，综述国内外相关研究进展，旨在寻找复发/难治性儿童BL的有效治疗方案，以期提高患儿预后。“,”Burkitt lymphoma (BL) is the most common lymphoma in childhood, which presented 30%-40% in non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). In recent years, because of using the short course, high intensity chemotherapy, the prognoses of children with BL are improved obviously. However, some cases progress or recurr during treatment. The relapse/refractory cases are still seen in a few of children, and the prognoses are very poor for them. So far, there are no useful and efficiency protocol for these relapse/refractory cases. In order to find efficacy methods for children with relapse/refractory BL, this article summaries the domestic and foreign research progress on pathogenesis, recurrence related factors, drug resistance mechanisms, and treatment strategies for children with relapsed/refractory BL, finally to improve the prognosis for children with BL.