各种调查，都可分为方案设计和组织实施两个阶段。方案设计内容包括根据调查目的确定调查范围、选择合适的调查方法及设计调查表等。组织实施的内容则包括选择调查方式、确定资料搜集方法和为完成问卷采取的措施及数据处理、统计分析等。两个阶段的工作都很重要，但对于规模以 Various surveys can be divided into two stages: program design and organization and implementation. The program design includes determining the scope of the investigation according to the purpose of the survey, selecting the appropriate survey method, and designing the survey form. The contents of the implementation of the organization include the selection of survey methods, the determination of data collection methods and the measures taken to complete the questionnaire, data processing, and statistical analysis. Both stages of work are important, but